Focusing on the South Sudanese refugee caseload in Kenya and Uganda, this study sought to identify challenges and opportunities vis-à-vis early solutions planning and practical actions that can be taken to operationalise early solutions planning.

Urbanisation is changing the nature of humanitarian response. In the 21st century,
the phenomenon is most prevalent in developing countries; it is estimated that cities in developing countries will account for 96 per cent of urban population growth between 2013 and 2030. Today, 80 per cent of all refugees worldwide are found in developing countries and 60 per cent of the global refugee population, or 36 million refugees, reside in urban areas.